Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate gland.It begins to develop in 80% of young people between the ages of 20 and 30.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.A combination of prostatitis with prostatic adenoma and cystitis is often found.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but in severe cases and acute forms hospitalization may be necessary.
General information
Bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate gland:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiella;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in the urethra;
- heaviness during urination;
- frequent need to urinate, accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- slow flow of urine;
- feeling of fullness of the bladder even after urination;
- decrease in power;
- high temperature (in acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- microscopic examination of a smear;
- bacterial smear culture;
- detection of bacterial DNA by PCR - Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
The choice of antibiotics for the treatment of prostatitis is rather limited.This is due to the fact that only highly fat-soluble antibiotics are able to accumulate in sufficiently high concentrations in the prostate gland.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Penicillins;
- Cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics for the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Macrolides;
- Tetracyclines.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis.Broad-spectrum drugs.Active against all prostatitis pathogens.
They are used for both acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- photodermatitis - allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- tendinitis: inflammation of the tendons;
- heart rhythm disorders - prolongation of the Q-T interval;
- anxiety;
- sleep disorder.
When fluoroquinolones are taken concomitantly with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, convulsions similar to those during a seizure may occur.
In each specific case of disease, the dosage and form of use can be prescribed only by the attending physician.
Macrolides
The best medicines for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens: chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
The disadvantage is its poor effectiveness against the main pathogens: Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are used only for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increased liver enzymes in the blood;
- bile stagnation;
- heart rhythm disorders - prolongation of the Q-T interval
The course lasts 8 weeks.
Tetracyclines
Active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.Ineffective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are cheap and effective.
Used only for chronic prostatitis.
The course of therapy lasts 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellow discoloration of the teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- impaired coordination of movements.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
They are used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main causative agent of prostatitis is gonococci.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
These drugs are used for prostatitis caused by Trichomonas.
It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking it.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- impaired coordination of movements;
- increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood;
- decrease in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
For the effective treatment of prostatitis, especially chronic, in addition to taking antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used:
- Prostate massage is the best way to improve blood flow and drain inflammatory secretions from the prostate gland;
- physiotherapy;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - not used in parallel with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- alpha-blockers.